Improved apparatus fqrtjtedhj aid bleaching yaens and theead



glatten gisten @aient @fitta winnaar n. ELLIOT, or Naw Your., AND Isaac osceno, or Urrea, New Your;

Laim Patent No. 76,178, ma Meer s1, isos.

titte tlgtttle nient tu in tigen Etnias @tout mit uniting rmt nt tip time TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Bc it known that we, WILLIAM ELELLIOT, ot the city, county, and State of New York, and ISAAC OsGoOD, of Utica, in the county of Oneida, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful mprovements in Apparat-us `for Dyeing and Bleaching Thread and Yarn; and we do hereby declare that' the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of refe crence thereon.

To enable others'skilled in the arts to comprehend, make, and use our invention, we willproceed to describe l its nature, construction, and opera-tion.

The nature of, our invention consists in forcing dyeing, bleaching, or cleansing-liquids through any fibrous material which has been spun or woundin the forin of thread or yarn, upon grooved, tinted, or corrugated bobbins, spools, or cop-tubes, or which has been spun or wound upon a spindle in the form of a cop, and afterwards placed upon a tinted or grooved shower.

It also consists in iluting, grooving, or corrngating the bodies of bobbins, spools, cop-tubes, or skewers, which are used for dyeing or bleaching, so as to provide passages for dyes or otheriluids into or through the yarn, or in fisting or corrugating and perforating the saine for the said purpose, and in providing ier the bobbins or spools peculiar metallic heads. i

' It further consists in employing cop-shaped receivers for the lower end of the bobbins, spools, or cops, so cnstructed as tc direct the dye or other liquids into the groovesv or corrugations, and through them into the yarn, and in the employment of a. peculiar receiver for theupper end of the bohbins, spools, coptubes, or cops, which shall serve as a support, and at the same time resist the action of the force-pump to raise the same from the lower receiver.

The term yarn used in this specification is intended to include threads or twists of cotton, wool, tlax,

silk, orother fibrous substances, capable of being spun or wound for use; and we use the term spool, which has two heads, to distinguish it froru a bobbin, which has but one head, and from a cop-tube, which has no head.

Figure 1 is a vertical section of a portieri of our improved apparatus, showing a. iluted skewer in elevation.

Figure 2 is a vertical sectionvoi` the same, showing a grooved or corrugated-bobbin.

Figure 3 is the saine, showing a perforated cop-tube.

Figure 4 is the saine, showing a corrugated and perforated bobbin.

Figure 5 is a vertical section of a'. lower receiver and a bobbin or spool-head, with a rubber packing in the receiver, for the reception of the bobbin or cop, to secure perfect connection. l

Figure-6 is a horizontal section of a cop, cop-tube, and a tintedor grcoved skewer.

Figure 7 is a bottoxnview of a lower receiver, showing the lower end of a iluted skewer.

Figure 8 is a view of thcdlower end of the follower in the upper receiver, showing a rubber pechino.

Figure 9 is a horizontal section of a cop-groovcd or corrugated bobbin and round shower.

Figure 10 is a bottom view ot' a lower receiver, showing openings orpassages for luids up into the yarn.

Figure 11 is a view of the end of a bobbn or spool, showing passages through the head by-the corruga tions in the body.

a, conducting-pipes, which bring dyes or other ii'uids from a force-pump; 72, bosses soldered upon the conducting-pipes, into which the lower receivers, c, are screwed; c', openings through the receiver; d, grooved or corrugated bobbin, showing perfor-ations; c, head of the saine; f, perforated cop-tube; g, utedvor grooved shower; g, round skewer; lt, bars which suppoitthe upper receivers; t', longitudinal grooves or corrugations inthe body of the bobbing z", longitudinal flutes or grooves in the body of the skewer; 7c, upper receiver for a bobbin;]c, the sanicftor a cop; Z and Z', enlargements at the lower ends of the same, perforated, to receive and support the yarn; iii, follower, which is caused. by spring u to press upon the top of the bobbing n, spring, which causes receiver 7c to press upon the yarn; o, rubber packing in the lower receiver, to receive the `inner cylinder of the bobbin-head; p and p-, cops shown by dotted lines; r, perforations through which 'the dye passes from the inner to the outer grooves. l

Both the body and head of the bobbin-d are struck up out of sheet metal, and, by the grooving or corrugatien ofthe body ofthe bobbin, passages are formed, both inside and out, as seen-at z, tig. 9, through which the dye or other liquids may pass into the interior of the yarn. 'lhese passages continue through the head of the bobbin or spool, as seen at t', fig. 1l,- aud by means of passages c through the lower receiver, are in connection with the conducting-pipe n. i In forming the head of the bobbin, themetal at the centre is driven down, as seen at c', so `as to fortu a cylinder or band, which is soldered around the corrugated body, thus leaving the passages continuous through the head, yThe outer portion of the metal is also driven down so as toform theoutcr cylinder of the head, as seen at fig. 5. The inner cylinder of the head fits into the upper end of the receiver,

so that when pressure is applied upon the upper end of the bobbin or yarn, no liquid can escape from the receiver without passing into the grooves or corrugations of the bobbin.

The co J-tubc is here re resented of the full lenvth of the co thouffh thev are enerall shorter, and inl l P c P s t .Y

many cases the cop is formed uppp aspi'ndlc without the use of a cop-tube or bobbin. The cop-tube may be corrugated like the bobbin, and, ifl/onrg eno/ugh, would serve lto conduct the liquids into the yarn; but in ease the cop is formed without the use of a cop-tube, or when a round, perforated cop-tube isused, we employ :t fluted or groovcd shower, as seen in figs. -l, 6, and 7. The fiuted shower is inserted into a round hole in the receiver, and extends through it, so that the flutes or grooves are in direct connection with the conductingpipcs. Through these grooves the dye and other liquidsy pass up into the interior of the cop of' yarn, whether a perforated cop-tube be used or not. l

The upper receiver, 7:, is fastened tothe bar` h, and when pressed down the follower rests upon the upper end of the bobbin, closing it by the'power of spring n, so that no liquids can pass through it, and at the same time holding it against the tendency of the liquids to raise it eff the lower receiver. The lower end of the receiver c is enlarged to fit the cop, and perforated so that if it rest uponthe yarn the dye can escupe readily through the perforations. Receiver 7c has no follower, as no bobbin is employed, but rests entirely upon the yarn or cop, and is kthrown down by the power of spring n. These upper .receivers should be made adjustable, by means of screw-nuts or otherwise, so as to suit them tov longer short oops or bobbins. When no bobbin `is used thecup-shaped receiver embraces the lower end of the cop, so as to prevent the liquids from escaping, except through the grooves of` the shower into the yarn. I

In using theapparatusherein described, we employ a bath of about twelve inches in depth, and large enough to contain several hundred cops. Across the bottom of this bath we place as many conducting-pipes as are required, all of which are in direct connection with the force-pump. Into these conducting-pipes we insert the lower receivers, at convenient distances from cach other, and directly over each conducting-pipe we place a bar, i, with its upper receivers corresponding in numbers and position with the lower receivers. These bars may be fastenedto the bath by hinges and clasps, or by any other convenient method. Each bath may,`if desired, contain both uted skewers and round ones, for dyeing yarn upon bobbins and wi'thout bobbins. There should also be stop-cocks employed inthe eondueting-pipes, so that the liquids may be shutout of somo of them if necessary. I

In use weplace cops of yarn, with bobbins in them, in the bath, upon the round skewers, and the cops without bobbins upon tluted skewers. The bars are then pressed down and fastened, each upper receiver' coming down upon a cop or bobbin, holding it firmly in 'its place upon the lower receiver. Tho cops are then ready for seouring,-bleaching, or dyeing, as the case may be. The pump should beso arranged that by means of a flexible supply-pipe it may readily beplaced in connection with either of the liquids employed. The dischargepipe from the bath should'also be flexible, so that the liquids' may be returned to the vessels from which they have been taken bythe pump. I v' When the force-pump isput in operation, the liquid is forced above the conducting-pipes, up through the receivers into the grooves, either in the bobbins or the skewers, through the yarn into the bath, from whence it runs back to the vessel from which it was drawn..

Woollen yarn generally requires to be clcansedbe-forenit. isf-dyed. In that ease'soda-water is first forced `through the yarn, then'pure water to rinse it, then a mordant to prepare the vyarn v'to receive the dye, then the dye, then water to rinse it, then steam to driveout the water, and lastly hot air, to complete'the operation of drying. If at any ,time during the operation vit becomes necessary to air the yarn, a stop-cock may be used in the supply-pipe near the pump for partially or entirely cutting offtlie supply of liquids, and a pet-cock placed in the supply-pipe between the stop-cock and the pump; may be opened, when air will be drawn into the pump and forced through -the yarn. v

To adapt this apparatus 4to dyeing onspools, it might be necessary to employ a pointed follower in the upper receiver, or a follower shaped lik-c the lower receiver might be used. ,The lower receiver might alsoV require' alteration so as to conform to theshupe of the spool. The body of the spool may be perforated andemploy'ed with a. fluted or grooved skewer, or it may be corrugated and employed with a round skewer.

Round and perforated bobbins, spools, and cop-tubes may be employed with square skewers, o r skewers not round, but this wc consider an equivalent of fluted or grooved skewers. Fluted skewers may also be employed with fluted or corrugated bobbins.

Having described our invention, what we desire` to have secured t`o us by Let/ters Patent of the United States, is-

1. Grooves, flutes, or corrugations and i', for conducting dye and other liquids to the interior of a cop of ycrn, when employed substantially as herein described.

2. The grooved or fluted bobbin CZ, when employed substantially as and for the purpose' herein specified.

3. Grooved or tinted shower g, when employed substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

4. The oup-shttped`1eeeivers e, through which the liquids pass from the conducting-pipes to the cops, substantially as speeed. Y

5. The combination ofthe receiver c with the bobbin d when the receiver is made teembraco o. ortion ot'- the bobbin, substentiall)vr as and for thevpurpose herein specified. v

6. The combination of spring n and n with the upper receivers, to adjust them to the length of the cop or bobbin, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

7. The follower m and spring n, in combination with bobbin rl, substantially as and for the purposes speciexl 8. The combination of au upper adjustable receiver with a lower receiver, when constructed substantially as specified.

9. The employment of a fluted or grooved skewer, in` combination with a perforated vcop-tube or bobbin, substantially as described.

10. The metallic bobbin or spool-head e, whenrstrucl up so as to form an inner and outer cylinder, in cornbination with corrugated or perforated body ci, substantially as specified.

11. The combination of eorrugations and perforations in the same body, substantially as and for the pur pose specified.

12. The employment ofA o, skewer for supporting a bobbn, cop-tube, or spool, in combination with the receivers c, substantiallyfas and for'the purpose herein specified. i

ISAAC OSGOOD, WM. H. ELLOT.

VVtnesses:

J. LYON NORTON, E. ROCHE. 

